The report examines consumption of copyright-infringing content in EU Member States for TV, music and film during the period of 2017-2022. For the first time, the report includes publications (e.g manga, e-books and audio books) and software from desktop and mobile devices for 2021-2022. For each type of content, the report looks at the most common methods of access including streaming, download, torrents and ripping software.

The main findings are:

• TV content is the most pirated content type in the EU, accounting for nearly half of internet accesses.
• Film piracy increased by 17 % in 2022 compared to 2021 and seems to be approaching a flat profile.
• Music piracy has continued to decline since 2017.
• Publications piracy is the second most important type of piracy after TV.
• Software piracy has been slowly increasing. Games and software for mobile devices represent about half of all accesses.
• Pirated access to live sports events (analysed for 2021 and 2022) is increasing.

In respect of TV, film and music, the paper also reports the following findings:

• Piracy in each of the domains studied behaves differently.
• Economic and social factors such as the GDP, inequality and the population structure influence piracy.
• The volume of the legal offer contributes to reducing piracy in all three domains.
• The models indicate that film and TV piracy (although not music) declined during the COVID 19 pandemic.
• There is an inverse relationship between consumption of legal content and piracy in all domains.
• There are significant differences among the Member States when it comes to accessing pirated content.

To access the report, click here.